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The Importance of Bible Inerrancy – Can We Trust The Bible?


As Christians, we want to be disciples who are shaped and formed by the Gospel. One of the distinctives of Bible-believing Christians is we not only believe the Bible is God’s word, but we also believe it is inerrant. There are a lot of Christians who don’t think that it’s inerrant, or that it is perfect. Their lives often reveal this, as they handily set aside any teaching of the Bible that goes against their desires.

Biblical inerrancy is the belief that the Bible is without error or fault in all its teaching.

We believe that we have a perfect Bible because we have a perfect God. We believe we have a perfect Bible because we have a perfect God and we believe we have a perfectly trustworthy Bible because we have a perfectly trustworthy God.

I think this is what First Peter is teaching in chapter one verse 13. Peter writes to these elect exiles who are in the dispersion and he says this, 1 Peter 1:13-25 “Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and hope to the end for the grace that is to be brought unto you at the revelation of Jesus Christ; As obedient children, not fashioning yourselves according to the former lusts in your ignorance: But as he which hath called you is holy, so be ye holy in all manner of conversation; Because it is written, Be ye holy; for I am holy. And if ye call on the Father, who without respect of persons judgeth according to every man’s work, pass the time of your sojourning here in fear: Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers; But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot: Who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you, Who by him do believe in God, that raised him up from the dead, and gave him glory; that your faith and hope might be in God. Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, see that ye love one another with a pure heart fervently: Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever. For all flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of grass. The grass withereth, and the flower thereof falleth away: But the word of the Lord endureth for ever. And this is the word which by the gospel is preached unto you.”

Verse 23 says, “since you’ve been born again, not of perishable seed, but of imperishable seed through the living and abiding word of God for all flesh is like grass in its glory like the flower of grass. The grass withers, the flower falls. But the word of the Lord remains forever, and this is the good news that was preached to you.”

Some of Peter’s audience here, in all likelihood, were at his sermon at Pentecost. So you think about this group of men and women who have seen Peter and seen his face, perhaps some of them were actually converted under his proclamation of the Gospel in Acts chapter two as he teaches the incredible grace that we have in the Lord Jesus Christ, and they come to this incredible knowledge of God, the salvation of God, this miraculous spiritual moment the Holy Spirit descends and thousands of people get baptized.

They believe Jesus Christ is Lord and he has died for the forgiveness of their sins. They’re believing in the gospel. They’ve seen the spread of the Gospel to the nations. They’re watching the gospel go from Jerusalem today, into Judea, to Sumeria, and ultimately to the ends of the earth. They have seen the power and might of God on display, but years have past decades have passed, trials have come. The storms of life have begun to creep in. Their life situation has changed perhaps for some of them, just life as it is every single day, unchanging. And they begin to look, Peter says to other stories of the world, other ways to make sense of their human experience.

So here’s what you’ve got to catch. This is a group of people who are in danger of having had a spiritual experience at genuine, legitimate spiritual experience, but then untethering their lives from God and his word. This is a group of people who have experienced one of the most miraculous moments in human history, Pentecost. But Peter now warns them to set their hope on Christ because they’re living according to the passions of their former ignorance. So look at verse 13, “set your hope on grace that will be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ. As obedient children do not be conformed to the passions of your ignorance.”

Peter is saying, set your gaze, set your horizon, set your trajectory on the grace of God that’s coming for you in Jesus Christ in the future. Look towards this horizon. Do not be conformed to the passions of your former ignorance.

What are these passions of your former ignorance? Well, for Peter’s audience, these were, we can maybe call them false stories or false ways of understanding the world. That was the stories that they believe to be true about the world before they had come to Christ.

It was these ways of making sense of the world before they had believed the gospel before Pentecost. It was these ways of making sense of the world, reference points of goals and priorities, and stories they wanted. Not so much to reject the Bible, but they wanted the Bible and something else.

They didn’t so much want to reject the gospel. They wanted the gospel and something else. They’re in danger of affirming the Gospel, but also affirming these stories or these passions of their former ignorance at the same time. So Peter is trying to warn them.

There is this phenomenon that a lot of pilots and underwater divers will endure. It’s called spatial disorientation. It’s this kind of phenomenon or this thing that when pilots take off if they’re not taught to use the instruments, what are you supposed to do? Keep your eyes on the horizon.

That’s right. You keep your eye on the horizon. You watch the horizon because the horizon is a steady guide to get you where you need to go. It will make sure that you’re not tilting your playing too far to the right or too far to the left.

It will ensure that you don’t set your trajectory too high and going into a tailspin. It will ensure that you don’t set your trajectory too low and crash and burn. Set your eyes on the horizon. But lots of pilots aren’t trained necessarily to use their instruments. You have a certificate to use the instruments.

The instruments are there so that when you can’t see the horizon in front of the plane, that you will be assured that you’re still on the right trajectory, that you’re still on the right course.

Because what will happen is, is during blackout conditions or whiteout conditions or the storm that has set in, or perhaps it’s just darkness and there are no city lights for you to see, pilots will tell you it’s one of the most disorienting times of their life because they genuinely do not know up from down or left from mine.

They could not tell you if the plane is pointed straight up to the air or straight down to the ground. It feels the exact same. They couldn’t tell you if they’re upside down or right side up. So there are tons of stories of pilots either emerging from clouds, totally upside down or emerging from clouds heading straight into the ground.

So if you’re not trained to set your eyes on the instruments, you’re in danger of setting your hopes, setting your trajectory on the entirely wrong thing.

So this is what Peter’s talking about here. Not so much spatial disorientation, but spiritual disorientation. That we who have experienced the might and the power of God are in danger of not setting our hope accordingly and properly so that when the storms of life begin to creep in when night has set in during blackout conditions or during blizzard conditions, we could be entirely disoriented if we don’t set our hope on God’s instruments of keeping us on the right trajectory.

So these passions of former ignorance for these people, for Peter’s readers and for us are these other ways of making sense of the world get. I call these false stories of the world, other visions of the good life, other ways of setting up priorities or goals for yourself. And I want to talk about a few of those that I think are, are so powerful for us.

There are all kinds of competing visions of the good life that are after your attention, that are trying to get you to live according to whatever story is being told. And these powerful stories have a way, like these passions of former ignorance, creeping into our lives without us even knowing it. So here are some of the false stories I think we can tend to live in.

The first false story is the story of Romanticism.

This is the story that tells you that you are your emotions. The more intense the emotion, the more real or true it is. The idea is your emotions, your feelings can be trustworthy.

So you are about living a life that is raw, authentic, and transparent because you just want to feel and you want to feel deeply. So you live a life feeling these romantic feelings, hoping that this is setting you on the right trajectory, that your feelings are the instruments that will ensure that you come out of the clouds right side up.

The next story is the story of consumerism.

This is the story that tells us that we are what we have. Worth is based upon the value and the quality of the things that belong to me. So we spend our entire lives accumulating more valuable things.

We’ll buy a car that’s a certain value, but in four or five years we’ll try to buy a car that is more valuable and will discard the car that we thought at one time was so valuable. Or perhaps it’s clothes or a bank account or your 401k.

We are about accumulating valuable things and discarding things that have lost their value. So romanticism and consumerism can derail our thinking.

The third story is the story of individualism.

Individualism. This is a story that tells you that you and I are at the center of all things. Everybody else is just a supporting actor. We are at the center of the stories that we are telling because we value and prize individualism.

The good life for us is the authority of independent individuals. So we’re gonna spend our entire lives trying to become self-reliant, self-dependent. We’re going to self-actualize ourselves. We want to be personally responsible and personally reliant.

The next false story is the story of progressivism.

This is a persuasive story and our culture today. This is a story that tells you things are continually getting better. That today is better than yesterday, that tomorrow will be better today that advancements in science, technology, economics are constantly improving the human experience. But what if the story is what if the world isn’t progressing and continually getting better? Are we prepared for hard times both physically and spiritually? Are we preparing our children?

The next false story is the story of American civil religion, Cultural Christianity.

I call it moral therapeutic deism. This is the story that tells you that Christianity should be compatible with American ideals. This is the story that wants to baptize Christianity into Americanism, but it ends up looking far more American than it does Christian.

We live in this incredibly persuasive story in our culture today of American civil religion that tells us that our Christianity should look far more American than it does distinctly Christian.

This is a story I think that many of us would want to reject, at least on its surface, but just to briefly show you how persuasive I think it is in our lives, is to be reminded of this. How many of us could confess the apostle’s creed and how many of us can confess the pledge of allegiance?

The final story is this. This is a story of perfectionism.

This is the story that tells you that something isn’t worth doing unless it’s done perfectly and according to your standards. You’re either going to do something perfectly or you’re not going to do it at all.

This story is characterized by our striving for flawlessness. The setting of, high-performance standards, setting self-critical evaluations, being concerned with how other people want to evaluate us.

What is this person gonna think of me? Are they gonna think I did a good enough job? Are they going to value me because I’ve performed this activity perfectly? Too many Christians live in this story. Their Christian walk is not walking close to Jesus, but trying to meet a standard so others will think you are walking with Jesus.

Can I remind us just briefly, none of those stories is the gospel.

None of those stories is the good news that’s revealed for us in scripture. But these passions of our former ignorance can so easily begin to seep back into our lives. They can so easily begin to influence the way we view God, the way we view ourselves, the way we view scripture.

Here is one of the greatest challenges that you and I face. It’s the challenge of realizing that these persuasive stories are so persuasive because we don’t realize they’re stories. We just think they’re reality. You live in these stories, and I live in these stories because I just take them every morning as I get out of the bed as default reality.

I’ve forgotten that these stories, along with me have been crucified with Christ and I’ve been raised to walk in new life, not the old life.

So which one of these stories do you live in?

One of the most challenging aspects of discipleship in the 21st century is beginning to identify these passions of our former ignorance and be reminded that these are false stories, not true stories.

This is absolutely essential for you to get because Peter’s readers were in danger of doing the exact same thing that we’re in danger of, of having a genuine spiritual experience, but then living lives that are untethered from God and untethered from his word.

They and we are in danger of flying through the storms of life, flying through our exile, flying through a cloudy night or through the darkness of night and we can no longer see the horizon. We can’t see the grace of God that’s coming for us in Jesus Christ in the future.

And so we’re not looking to the instruments of God and his word, but rather we’re looking to these other instruments or these other stories to help us make sense of the world.

And this is why the doctrine of inerrancy is so important because Peter is trying to tell us that God is giving us two reference points or two instruments that are absolutely trustworthy, that are absolutely perfect, that we can put all of our hope and faith in, that one day we will emerge from the clouds having trusted the instruments set on the grace of God and Christ that’s before us.

All that is an introduction to sharing about these two instruments that are totally trustworthy, God and his word, we have a holy God, and we have a holy word.

“But as he which hath called you is holy, so be ye holy in all manner of conversation; Because it is written, Be ye holy; for I am holy.” 1 Peter 1:15-16

1 Peter “Be Ye Holy”

So Peter’s first reference point is the holiness and the trustworthiness of God.

He’s saying if you’re flying through the storms of life, if you’ve been disoriented, if you’ve lost your way, the first place you look is the holy, trustworthy character of God. He is your instrument. You look to his trustworthiness.

The term holy is used throughout the scriptures. So you can think of Isaiah chapter six, “Holy, Holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty.” Jesus is described as the holy one of Israel. What does it mean for God to be holy? The most fundamental thing that Peter’s listeners would have heard is this. God is completely different than any other relationship you’ve ever had before. He is totally set apart. He is totally pure.

So the psalmist says it this way. In Psalm 12:6 “the words of the Lord are pure words.” There is no impurity in the word of God. There are only pure words.

The Bible also describes God as perfect. The word it uses to describe God’s perfection is the word “Teleios.” It means that God doesn’t meet some standard of perfection. It means that he is the standard of perfection. There is no external standard of perfection that God somehow measures up to, but rather he as the holy one is the standard of perfection.

What Peter is trying to do when he shows his readers that God is holy is he’s trying to show them he is holy trustworthy. That when you set your gaze on the holiness of God, you’re setting your gaze on a trust where the instrument you’re setting your gaze on is an instrument that will get you through this storm, that will get you through the darkness of night.

A W Tozer says it this “Why do I insist that all Christians should search the Scriptures and learn as much as they can about this God who is dealing with them? It is because their faith will only spring up naturally and joyfully as they find that our God is trustworthy and fully able to perform every promise He has made.”

So many people, and I understand this because it’s been me too, are afraid to learn more about God because they’re afraid that they’re eventually going to learn something about God that they don’t like. They’re afraid that if they really dig into that book in the Old Testament, if they really dig into to these portions of scripture that they’re not as familiar with, they may find something that they just don’t know how to deal with. They just stay with the books of the Bible that are palatable to their sensibilities.

But I’ve really good news for you today. You will never learn bad news about God. You will never find something about his actions or his character or the way he engages with us in a way that isn’t pure and perfect and lovely. Why? Because he’s holy.

He is the trustworthy one. But I understand why we question entering this relationship with God. It’s because every single human relationship that you and I have had up until this point hasn’t been like this.

That’s what it means for him to be set apart and holy and completely different. I know that for many of us thinking about trustworthiness is challenging. Why? Because you’ve trusted in the past and you’ve been hurt. You’ve been lied to, you’ve been deceived, you’ve been abandoned, you’ve been neglected.

People had their own motives in mind, not yours, not your best interests at heart, and more often than not, at least in my life, sometimes the people that we put the most trust in will also hurt us the most.

The people that we say, this person’s got my back, or this person will never leave. This person will never forsake me. This person has me. When they don’t, what happens? We grow skeptical, cautious, cynical,

Peter understands that. He understands what it’s like to be engaged in human relationships and to not be able to trust, which is why he’s trying to point us back to the holy, trustworthy character of God saying there is nobody else like him that you can have a relationship with. He is the one who will always be holy.

  • Consider these other scriptures
  • 1 John 1:5 “This then is the message which we have heard of him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.” He’s never shady. God is never shady in his dealings with you. There is no darkness in the God of Israel.
  • Look at Psalm 93:5 “Thy testimonies are very sure: holiness becometh thine house, O Lord, for ever.”
  • 1 Peter 2:22, speaking of the incarnation, “Who did no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth.”

I want you to hear this. God has never been deceitful. He has never lied. He has never abandoned. He has never neglected. He’s never left anyone that he loved. He is the holy, trustworthy God of Israel.

He isn’t this far off distant God who has kept his holiness himself, but rather he has engaged us. We are to address him as “Father,” and he calls us sons. And one of the closest, most intimate relationships possible is that a father and sons and daughters.

We can now set our gaze, our instrument on this trustworthy father who is totally wholly, who is totally set apart, who is pure and who is perfect and we can do so how without caution, without skepticism and without reservation, not because of who we are, but because of who he is.

1 Peter 1:15-16

He is the holy one who is holy, trustworthy, but Peter doesn’t just say that. He doesn’t just say, look to God. He says what? Look to God’s word because God’s word reflects his character. God is holy and perfect and his word is holy and perfect. Look at 1 Peter 1:23 ” Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth forever.”

The grass withers, the flower falls, but the word of the Lord endures forever. In this passage here, Peter is reminding us that there is no such thing as a spiritual life that’s untethered from God’s word. Look what he says right there at the beginning of the passage in 23 “you’ve been born again through the word of God.”

There is no spiritual life that’s untethered from God’s word. We are born through God’s word and we are sustained through God’s word that all of the Christian life is sustained by the Holy Spirit in God’s word.

There is no true spirituality outside of the word of God. There is no true spirituality that’s untethered from God’s authoritative and inspired word, but he also says it’s imperishable living and that it endures forever.

So what does it mean? It’s kind of some interesting words, right to use for God’s word. What does it mean that God’s Word is imperishable?

Peter is again connecting the nature of the Bible with the nature of God. To say that God’s Word is imperishable or incorruptible is to say that it has experienced no decay. It is not perishable. It is not fading away just like God is imperishable. His word is imperishable. So here’s the application point there. What scripture says, God says, this has not decayed or perished in any way.

You can’t have a view of God and a view of the Bible that are disconnected. What the Bible says, God says, because it is the imperishable word of God. We don’t get to have a relationship with God, which is disconnected from his words. So what we’re saying is this, we are saying that to believe God’s Word is to what? Believe God.

To disbelieve God’s word is to disbelieve God, to obey God’s word is to obey God and to disobey God’s Word is to disobey God. The imperishable God has given us an imperishable word. And this word, Peter goes on to say, is not just that what you’re born through and sustained through, it’s also living. To say that God’s word is living, Peter is trying to tell Christians something very, very important.

It is alive. It is active communication from God in the Bible. It is meant to spark communion with God. But this isn’t just some book revealing God’s acts in the past. But it is God actively meeting us here by the spirit that it is sharper than any two-edge sword. That it pierces our hearts, that it pierces our soul, and that it gives us the bread of life.

Matthew 4:4 “But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.”

You cannot have a healthy spiritual life if you’re not eating. You cannot walk with Christ if you’re not devouring and eating and being nourished by his word. This is the living word of God. But I also think Peter uses this word living really intentionally.

Are you the kind of disciple that comes to God’s word for good advice or for an encounter with the Living God? When you open your Bible, are you looking for a quick piece of wisdom or to be confronted with the Holy God of Israel, Jesus Christ.

We demonstrate a high view of the Bible, not just with our words, but with our lives. We demonstrate that we trust God’s authoritative word, not just with our words but with our actions, not just when we say yes, I believe, but when we live according to this story, it’s not simply enough to have a high view of the Bible with your mind. We can’t just read the Bible, we must be readers of the Bible, but we also have to let the Bible read us.

When was the last time the word of God read you? When was the last time you were confronted by this God and forced to be transformed and changed? When’s the last time you said, “oh, this is a hard teaching and I’ll follow?” We can’t just master the message of the Bible.

We have to let the message of the Bible master us. In other words, I could care less if you tell me you have a high view of the Bible, if you don’t even bother to read it and be read by it, that’s what we’re after with the doctrine of inerrancy.

I could care less if you tell me you have a high view of the Bible, if you don’t even bother to read it, much less be read by it. So a simple question is this, do you want to follow Jesus? Do you want to follow Jesus? If you do, you can’t just love Jesus and neglect his word.

If you love Jesus, you must love his word. Why? Because his word gives life. There is no life in Christ apart from his word. Peter goes on to tell us not only that God’s word is imperishable and that it lives or that it’s living, but that it endures forever. God’s word endures forever. It talks about the flesh being like grass. The flower of grass is withering and falling and fading.

What is Peter saying? He’s saying all these former stories of ignorance, all these false stories, American civil religion, materialism, perfectionism, or perhaps it’s a totally different one for you that I didn’t even mention. These are the stories that are fading and disintegrating away, but what story will endure forever?

God’s word, the story that God is reconciling the world to himself. In the person and work of Jesus Christ. In other words, what Peter is trying to teach us and tell us is that the Bible is not an assistant for your old way of life. It is the doorway to your new life in Christ.

If the Bible is simply coming along in order to support whatever life you want to live for yourself, you’ve misunderstood what the Bible is. The Bible crucifies these former visions of the good life and gives us a good life in Christ that these former visions of the good life are fading away. They’re falling away like the grass withers and the flower falls, but the word of the Lord willing, doer forever.

Your old way of life is dead, but the word of God remains. The extent to which the Bible has authority in your life is the extent to which God has authority in your life and that is really good news. Perhaps it’s convicting, but you know what else it is. It’s good news because we have an instrument in the midst of life’s storms in the midst of the darkness.

We can look at this and say, as best I can, I’m believing and obeying the Bible. I’m putting my trust in Jesus Christ. We can know, we can know, that this is God’s will for our life to shape and form us into the image of Christ.

Because as we set our eyes on the trustworthiness of scripture or setting our eyes on the trustworthiness of God himself, we have a perfect Bible because we have a perfect God. We have a perfectly trustworthy Bible because we have a perfectly trustworthy God and this is really good news.

1 Peter 1:18-19 “Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers. But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot.”

Peter is reminding us that these false stories that have such an easy way of creeping back in our false stories and he’s trying to tell them, you have been redeemed. You have been bought back. You have been bought back out of your bondage and your slavery. It is not up to you to ransom yourself again out of these false stories, but to simply look to the cross of Christ where you have already been ransomed.

God has set his affection and his love, not just on us, but on you. You have been redeemed. It’s not up to us to ransom ourselves out of these futile ways, but to simply trust in the blood of the spotless lamb.

What he is trying to do is to remind you that it’s now not up to you to live into God’s story, but to simply look into God’s story. In Christ, friends, there’s only one true story of the world. It’s the story that the triune God is the king of the universe and that for our sake and for our salvation, the son of God put upon human flesh.

For our sake, he was crucified, buried, resurrected, and ascended where he now reigns in the heavens as the living Lord, and he will come again in the future to do what? To judge the living and the dead.

The reason inerrancy matters is because it’s trying to perfectly preserve this story for us, this story of the Gospel which is immovable, unchangeable that God has set his affection and love on you, that you’ve been bought with a price.

In other words, Biblical inerrancy and authority is not some kind of a dead doctrine. It’s a life giving truth that the inerrant perfect word of God, Jesus Christ suffered for your sake, that he became sin so that you might become the righteousness of God.

Martin Luther said, “We need to study the Bible because it tells me not what I must do, but what Jesus Christ, the son of God has done for me.”

You do not study the Bible in order to find some kind of a truth or check off some kind of a box that you’re supposed to do now, but rather to look to the saving activity of the Triune God on your behalf. We look at this perfect story, not so that we can learn what to do, but rather learn what God has done for us and proclaim it to the ends of the earth.

Biblical inerrancy has everything to do with the gospel of Jesus Christ.

Pilots will tell you that there is nothing more relieving and in the midst of spacial disorientation of what feels like flying upside down, but trusting your instruments to emerge from the storm, to emerge from the darkness to emerge from the whiteout conditions and see that the whole time I was trusting my instruments when I was having to put faith and trust and he’s trustworthy instruments that felt so disorienting. It felt like I was flying upside down, but I trusted my instruments. It is so relieving to emerge from the clouds emerged from the storms and the whole time. Where have you been? Right side up.

This is the good news of the Gospel, of the holiness of God and the holiness of his word, that as we set our lives according to God’s trustworthy instruments, the storm will pass. Darkness will give way to dawn and we will emerge from the clouds of this life and our hope will be set on the horizon of God’s grace and his faithfulness and his gospel.

God has not left us here according to our own visions of the good life, but rather he has invited us into his perfect story, this story of the spotless lamb of God suffering for our sake and for our salvation.

We are grateful for your scriptures that we are not left alone without a word from God, but we have an authoritative inerrant Bible that we can look to for our source of hope are a source of encouragement, are a trustworthy guide. As we wait for the grace of Christ that’s coming, let us read the Bible, love the Bible, and to be transformed by its message.

What about the variances in the manuscripts the Bible is translated from? Can we be sure we have God’s Word today? I wrote an article about this and you can read it HERE.

Is Preterism Biblical? What Do Preterists Believe?


Preterists argue that their views are completely consistent with Jesus and his disciples. That is, the ideas which are represented by preterists were the views of the New Testament writers themselves, who expected the fulfillment of all biblical prophecy to take place in their generation. So, we feel that we are in good company!

But what about the church leaders after the original Apostles? Actually, there are very few extant writings from the early church before AD 200, and fewer still that commented on eschatology.

So, we really don’t have a comprehensive understanding of what they were thinking. Interestingly, the terms “Second Coming” and “Second Advent” do not appear in the written record until about the year AD 160 when Justin Martyr invented these terms. But we do know that the early church fathers held differing views on eschatology, including the preterist view.

Author Douglas Wilkinson showed that many of the early writers believed that the prophecies of Daniel as well as the Olivet Discourse were fulfilled in the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70. Works by Gary DeMar, Francis Gumerlock, and Kenneth Gentry, Jr. verify that the preterist view was part of the early church, and may have been the dominant view.

Multiple writers in the early church expressed beliefs that certain other events associated with the Second Coming were fulfilled by AD 70, such as the abomination of desolation, the great tribulation, the last days, the end of the age, the arrival of the kingdom, the arrival of the new heaven and new earth, the arrival of the New Jerusalem, the preaching of the gospel to the whole world, the general resurrection of the dead, the destruction of death, and the cessation of charismatic gifts.

So, the basic outline of full preterism is found in many writings of the apostolic fathers. Eusebius of Caesarea (born c. AD 260/263; died c. AD 339/341) was an important witness. Eusebius is considered the Father of Church History and became the Bishop of Caesarea in about the year 314. Given his preterist testimony and influence as a historian, it is likely that his thinking was influenced by unrecorded preterist writings before him in the early church.

Eusebius of Ceasarea
Eusebius
Eusebius

In his work EcclesiasticalHistory, Eusebius specifically belittled the millennialist views of certain early writers, thoroughly rejecting the idea of a corporeal reign of Christ on earth during a literal millennium.

Among Eusebius’ other writings are these two works: The Proof of the Gospel (“DemonstratioEvangelica”) and Theophania. In these books, he touched on various aspects of fulfilled prophecy. By tracking the thread of eschatological comments throughout his writing, we can reasonably conclude that Eusebius believed that, at least, all the following things were fulfilled by AD 70:

  • the Second Coming of Christ (at least in some sense)
  • the Great Tribulation
  • the Abomination of Desolation
  • the Day of the Lord
  • the Days of Vengeance and judgment upon Israel
  • the “time of the end”/ “end of the world”
  • the ushering in of the new covenant/kingdom of heaven
  • the Great Commission (gospel having been preached to the whole world) ( Romans 16:25-26 )

But, given that the New Testament writers were preterists, it is a legitimate question why we don’t have more confirmation of the preterist view from the post-AD 70 church fathers.

Here are some considerations about this:

The so-called Great Apostasy (Matthew 24:10-12; Luke 18:18; Acts 20:29-30; Romans 16:17-18; 2 Corinthians 11:13-15; 2 Peter 2:1; etc.) had a greater influence on the early Christian church than most people might suspect.

Matthew 24:12 indicates that a majority of Christians turned away from their faith. This apostasy was a result of false prophets, immorality, and persecution. So, the faith became distorted and confused in the decades after AD 70.

The Hellenization of the church had a great influence. In Romans 11 Paul explained that the make-up of God’s people was in transition. It could well be that because of the Gentile influence in the church, an understanding of Old Testament Hebraic apocalyptic language was lost.

It should not be too surprising that the early church fathers may have misunderstood the nature of the Second Coming, just as the Jews misunderstood the nature of the First Coming. It was right there in front of them, but they still missed it!

There was disagreement among the early church fathers on crucially important issues such as the nature of God as well as justification. Justification through faith wasn’t fully accepted in Christianity until the sixteenth century.

Even today, Christians, from sect to sect, are all over the map on justification. Other important topics on which Christians have misinterpreted (or disingenuously twisted) the Bible include slavery, abortion, homosexuality, evolution and other aspects of science such as geocentricity.

James B. Jordan wrote, “We have to remember that we only have a few Church Fathers to draw on. Often Christian scholars have strained mightily to build on evidence from these writings, writings of men clearly not familiar with the facts in other instances. Many of the Fathers were new converts to the faith who wrote apologetics, and who did not know much about Christianity (as can be seen when we compare them with the teachings of the New Testament). What we don’t have are reams of sermons preached by pastors in local churches during the first two centuries, and that is the kind of material that would give us an accurate picture of the early church. Finally, though the Church Fathers are ‘fathers’ in a sense, and are of real value to us, they are also the ‘Church Babies’ in another sense. All this should be born in mind when it comes to their haphazard testimony .”

Doctrinal issues can be misunderstood by a large majority, and such misinterpretations often get stuck in the church’s psyche. Just consider the questionable views of Roman Catholicism, including the veneration of an ever-virgin Mary, purgatory, infallibility of the Pope, transubstantiation, and so forth. Catholics think they can trace many of these doctrines through tradition all the back to the early church!

Persecution would have made it very easy for the first Christians to hope for some sort of earthly relief. This would easily explain why they would have read this hope into the Bible. The human mind, being what it is, can turn desire into an illusion of truth.

Ultimately, it does not matter what the early Christian writers said. What matters is what the Bible says.

For more information on this view, see my article 3 Secrets To Understanding The Book Of Revelation

Also see What Happened In 70 AD? The Book of Revelation Fulfilled.

3 Secrets To Understanding The Book Revelation In The Bible


“The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto him, to shew unto his servants things which must shortly come to pass; and he sent and signified it by his angel unto his servant John,” Revelation 1:1 is a revealing. The Greek word translated to “revelation” is apokalypsis, so sometimes the book is called “the Apocalypse.”
The meaning of apokalypsis is a revealing. Jesus in the Book of Revelation is revealing something to John. This means the message given to John to give to the seven churches of Asia was not a mystery. It was not in the least confusing to those who received it. It was meant to be understood.

To understand Revelation though, we must apply good exegetics, good Bible study practices.

SECRET #1

First, we must ask ourselves who was the book written to. The book was not written to the 21st-century church. It was preserved for us and we can learn from it, but it was not written to us.

“John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace be unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come; and from the seven Spirits which are before his throne;” Revelation 1:4

The book was written to the seven churches. It was written and then sent out by messenger to be read to the seven churches and most likely copied by them. When we read Revelation, we are reading someone else’s mail. To understand Revelation, we must understand it as the original audience would have. When interpreting any scripture, we must determine how the original audience would have understood it. So we know there are no helicopters or microchips in Revelation because we know that those things would not have been understood by the original audience.

We know that when the churches in Asia received John’s letter, they did not think, “Wow! This is great stuff that the church 2000 years from now will experience.” No, it was written to them.

Are the churches “church ages” as some teach? No and a thousand times no. The members of the church of Laodicea would not have read, “And unto the angel of the church of the Laodiceans write; These things saith the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning of the creation of God; I know thy works, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would thou wert cold or hot.” Revelation 3:14-15, and thought, “Willikers! In 2000 our little church here in Asia will be lukewarm.” No, Jesus was addressing them about their spiritual condition.

Many preachers today erroneously proclaim that we are in the “Laodicean church age.” But, no Christian writers in the 1800s said that they were in “the Philadelphia church age.” Neither did Puritan writers 200 years ago claim they were in “the Sardis church age.”
The idea that the seven churches are actually seven church ages is an invention of the 1800s and has no foundation in scripture. The Book of Revelation was given to John to be sent to and understood by the seven churches of Asia in the first century AD.

SECRET #2

Once we know who the scripture is written to, we need to ask ourselves if there are any time indicators in the text. Has God revealed when things prophesied will happen? In Matthew 24, Jesus made it clear that the destruction of the temple would happen in that generation, and it did, in 70 AD.
“Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled.” Matthew 24:34
Another time indicator was given in Matthew 16:28 “Verily I say unto you, There be some standing here, which shall not taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming in his kingdom.”

When the Jews went into captivity and the first temple was destroyed, God told Jeremiah the exile would last 70 years. Daniel found this prophecy near the end of the 70 years and knew that they would be going home soon. The time indicators made it clear when God would act.
“Everyone who interprets a passage of the Bible stands in a present time while he examines a document that comes from a past time. He must discover what each statement meant to the original speaker or writer, and to the original hearers or readers, in their own present time.” A. Berkeley Michelsen, Interpreting the Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1985), 55

Are there any time indicators in Revelation?

Yes. In the very first verse of Revelation and then again in the third verse, Jesus gives time references.
“The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto him, to shew unto his servants things which must shortly come to pass; and he sent and signified it by his angel unto his servant John:2 Who bare record of the word of God, and of the testimony of Jesus Christ, and of all things that he saw. 3 Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein: for the time is at hand.“ Revelation 1:1-3

Jesus in the last chapter repeats that “the time is at hand.” “And he saith unto me, Seal not the sayings of the prophecy of this book: for the time is at hand.” Revelation 22:10
“Behold, I come quickly: blessed is he that keepeth the sayings of the prophecy of this book.” Revelation 22:7
The hearers and readers of Revelation would have no other understanding than that the things that were written would happen soon. “Shortly come to pass” and “the time is at hand” can be understood no other way.

Peter wrote, “But, beloved, be not ignorant of this one thing, that one day is with the Lord as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day.” 2 Peter 3:8
The Psalmist said the same thing, “For a thousand years in thy sight are but as yesterday when it is past, and as a watch in the night,” Psalms 90:4

Some folks, trying to put the Book of Revelation in the future, (2000 years in the future), use those to verses to say that “soon” to God did not mean what it does to us. This is however bad exegesis.


Peter is making a theological statement. He is saying God is not restrained with time. It is a statement about the nature of God. He is not saying that when God says something will happen in a specific time that God is actually saying that God will get around to it when he does and the time reference means nothing.

Certainly, Daniel didn’t read where Jeremiah recorded God’s promise that the exile would last 70 years and wonder if God meant 70 real years, or 70 years meaning thousands of years.

Neither would the original audience have understood Jesus’ words that the things recorded would shortly come to pass to mean anything other than the things recorded would shortly come to pass. To interpret Jesus’ words any way other than how plainly he stated them is pure foolishness. Jesus could not have made it any plainer when the churches should expect the revelation was to come to pass.

SECRET #3

To understand the Bible, we must understand the language of the book. I am not talking about learning Greek, Hebrew and Aramaic, I am saying we must understand phrases and expressions as the writer meant them and as the original audience would have understood them.

If my wife tells me to “break a leg” when I am going to preach, she is wishing me good luck. “Break a leg” is a term that came out of vaudeville. There were times when vaudeville shows would have too many acts available. A performer only got paid if he went on stage. “To break a leg” meant that the performer’s leg went past the curtain and on stage. It was a term meaning good luck.

But, if someone from another culture heard my wife tell me to “break a leg,” he would believe she was wishing bad luck on me, not good luck. Similarly, we need to understand the phrases and terms John uses in Revelation as the early church would have understood them.

Consider Isaiah 24:1-5 “Behold, the Lord maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof. The land shall be utterly emptied, and utterly spoiled: for the Lord hath spoken this word. The earth mourneth and fadeth away, the world languisheth and fadeth away, the haughty people of the earth do languish. The earth also is defiled under the inhabitants thereof; because they have transgressed the laws, changed the ordinance, broken the everlasting covenant.”

This certainly sounds like the end of the world. This passage was about the Assyrian conquest of the Jews. God was proclaiming how he would use the Assyrians to conquer the Jews and they would be scattered abroad. The entire planet was not made empty, nor did it fade away. These are strong prophetic statements against the Jews.

Isaiah 34:1-8 “Come near, ye nations, to hear; and hearken, ye people: let the earth hear, and all that is therein; the world, and all things that come forth of it. For the indignation of the Lord is upon all nations, and his fury upon all their armies: he hath utterly destroyed them, he hath delivered them to the slaughter. Their slain also shall be cast out, and their stink shall come up out of their carcasses, and the mountains shall be melted with their blood. And all the host of heaven shall be dissolved, and the heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll: and all their host shall fall down, as the leaf falleth off from the vine, and as a falling fig from the fig tree. For my sword shall be bathed in heaven: behold, it shall come down upon Idumea, and upon the people of my curse, to judgment. The sword of the Lord is filled with blood, it is made fat with fatness, and with the blood of lambs and goats, with the fat of the kidneys of rams: for the Lord hath a sacrifice in Bozrah, and a great slaughter in the land of Idumea. And the unicorns shall come down with them, and the bullocks with the bulls; and their land shall be soaked with blood, and their dust made fat with fatness. For it is the day of the Lord’s vengeance, and the year of recompenses for the controversy of Zion.“

This sounds a lot like the Book of Revelation, but notice, it is about God’s judgment coming on Edom, (Idumea). A judgment so severe and complete that the land is desolate to this day. Isaiah said, “And all the host of heaven shall be dissolved, and the heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll:” The heavens referred to here were not God’s heaven or the earth’s atmosphere. It was referring to the government of Edom. Terms like heaven and earth very often refer to earthly governments and earthly people in prophecy.

Now notice Revelation 6:14 “And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places.” Same phrase. So are we to believe that when the Book of Revelation was being written, it referred to the atmosphere being rolled up like a scroll literally, or is it talking about the government being judged would be destroyed?

Zephaniah 1:2-3 “I will utterly consume all things from off the land, saith the Lord. I will consume man and beast; I will consume the fowls of the heaven, and the fishes of the sea, and the stumbling blocks with the wicked: and I will cut off man from off the land, saith the Lord.”
Is Zephaniah predicting a time when God will destroy all men, animals, birds, and fish? Is this a literal destruction of all living things?
No. Zephaniah was predicting the Babylonian destruction of Jerusalem in 587 B.C. In Verse 4, it is made clear that the “earth” in verses 2 and 3 were Judah and its inhabitants. Some translations have “earth” here instead of “land.
Zephaniah 1:4 “I will also stretch out mine hand upon Judah, and upon all the inhabitants of Jerusalem.”

Matthew 24:29-35 “Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken: And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other. Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled. Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.”

The stars here are the leaders and high priests of the Jewish nation. The powers of God’s heaven were not going to be shaken, no the Jewish nation was to be shaken. It would happen in the generation Jesus was speaking to, (first century). In 70 AD Jerusalem and the temple were destroyed. The Jewish nation ceased to exist. Many Jews were killed and many more taken away into slavery.

When we understand the language being used, we can see the amazing fulfillment of God’s words. But when we try to take prophetic language literally, then we get the idea that these things didn’t happen, so they must be future. Or, as many atheists try to say, Jesus was wrong and the prophecy failed.

We need to let the Bible interpret itself. When you see phrases in the New Testament, see if they were used in the Old Testament.
With the three simple “SECRETS” I have given you here, you should be able to start understanding the Book of Revelation. Remember, it is not a mystery, it is a revealing.

For more about what happened in 70 AD, check out my article HERE.

The four horsemen of the apocalypse
The four horsemen of the apocalypse

I welcome your questions and comments, but I will not entertain dispensational ideas or eschatology. Thank you. Dennis

Is Our Bible Inerrant? What About All The Variances?


How can the Bible be inerrant if it contains a variance? Some people would say this way. How can the Bible be inerrant if we know it has errors?

I don’t use that word errors because that insinuates that there is something that’s incorrect. There are variances, differences between the manuscripts, but that does not make them errors.

In Bart Ehrman’s book “Misquoting Jesus,” he claims that the Bible cannot be the inspired word of God since it’s filled with variants. Does 2 Timothy 3:16-17 still hold true? Do we have a reliable copy of the Bible, yet filled with these variances?

When we compare ancient copies we have of manuscripts of the New Testament, a lot of people don’t realize that we don’t have the original copies of any New Testament book.

As a matter of fact, that’s something I think is important for us to tell our young people, to tell our high school students, and to tell our college students before somebody else tells them in a way that is deceptive. We need to make sure that they know that you know that we don’t have an original book.

Bart Ehrman Bible Variances
Bart Ehrman Bible Variances

For example, if you wanted to know what the original constitution of the United States said, you could very easily go to the Washington, DC museum where the constitution is sitting under glass and you could read the original manuscript, the original document, to see if it says what you’ve been told it says. But you can’t do that for any New Testament book.

There is no original gospel of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and Book of Acts or any of the letters of Paul. We don’t have the originals. These things were written on materials that deteriorated pretty quickly and as a result, we don’t have an original copy.

What we have are copies years later and these copies, when we compare the copies to each other, the oldest manuscripts we have, we discover that there are differences between the manuscripts.

A lot of Bible versions, as well as the original KJV, have footnotes showing where some manuscripts vary from others. Often there is an editor note as to why the translators chose a particular wording. There are scribal changes and the textual variants that we see in the manuscripts. Maybe you’re not even aware of it.

A lot of Christians weren’t aware of it until people started writing popular books like the book “Jesus Interrupted” by Bart Ehrman. This book shook a lot of people who were Christians for their entire life because they weren’t aware of the presence of some of these textual variants and their first contact was Bart who basically showed them these things in this book. Now

Bart’s an interesting guy. He’s a professor of religious studies and is one of the foremost textual scholars. He went to Moody Bible Institute. He grew up in the church. He was a young Christian, went to Moody. He also went to Wheaton College. Then he did his graduate work at Princeton. He studied underneath one of the greatest biblical scholars in history. Bruce Metzger.

During that time he became less and less confident, more and more agnostic. And today I think you would probably say he’s an atheist, yet he’s considered to be one of the foremost in New Testament scholars. And he writes books and he talks about why and what shook him as a new Christian.

Bart Ehrman says, “There was an obvious problem with the claim that the Bible was verbally inspired down to its very words. As we learned at Moody in one of the very first courses in the curriculum, we don’t actually have the original writings of the New Testament.” We have our copies of these writings made many years later, but that was troublesome for him.

He is right that none of these copies is completely accurate. Since the scribes who produced them inadvertently and or intentionally changed them in places. All scribes did this. So rather than actually having the inspired words of the autographs, the originals of the Bible, what we have are the error written copies of the autographs.

Not only do we not have the originals, we don’t have the first copies of the originals. We don’t even have the copies of the copies of the originals or the copies of the copies of the copies of the originals.

That sounds troublesome, doesn’t it? What we have our copies made later much later. In most instances, they’re copies made many centuries later and these copies all differ from one another in many thousands of places.

Skeptics jump on these variances to claim the Bible is not reliable. I’m not sure how many of us would even be able to respond to some of these charges or how we might feel if we heard them for the first time.

One such “variant” is found in John 6:58.

John 6:58 in the KJV (King James Version) says, “This is that bread which came down from heaven: not as your fathers did eat manna, and are dead: he that eateth of this bread shall live for ever.”

The ASV (American Standard Version) says, “This is the bread which came down out of heaven: not as the fathers ate, and died; he that eateth this bread shall live for ever.”

But the ESV (English Standard Version) says, “This is the bread that came down from heaven, not like the bread the fathers ate, and died. Whoever feeds on this bread will live forever.”

Notice, the ESV has bread 3 times. The KJV has bread twice, but the third bread is replaced with the word manna. The ASV removes the middle bread. So the ESV and the KJV seem to agree, while the ASV is different.

The word the bread is removed. That doesn’t really impress me as a really big deal. Does that strike you as a big deal? There are some copies in which the bread is missing, but it still says the same thing. This is the bread that came down from heaven, not like the fathers ate and died.

It appears that some scribe along the way inserted the word bread, or manna, for clarity. Or it may have been inserted accidentally. Then copies of that copy would be copied and the word is now in there in late dated manuscripts.

I don’t know how it got there, but there are some texts that have this variant, but this isn’t the only variant in this chapter of John.

How about this one? In the KJV, John 6:59 says, “These things said he in the synagogue, as he taught in Capernaum.”There are some early versions of this that don’t the word Jesus instead of the word “he.”

Some Christians will get all worked up over something like this, claiming that translators are taking the name of Jesus out of the Bible when it isn’t the translators, it is the manuscripts they are working from.

Skeptics see this and say the Bible has errors, or that we can’t know what the Bible said when it was written because of the differences in the manuscripts we have. Technically you could argue that there’s a variant in the text, but is it an important variant? I think it’s a meaningless variant, but we have to at least admit there is a variant in the text.

We have thousands of manuscripts of the New Testament. They are copies of copies of copies of copies. These were hand-copied, no printing press, no computer. Some words can be accidentally omitted. Some words can be added for various reasons including for clarity or just copying the same line twice. Sometimes editors notes in the margin of copies got inserted into the text of later copies. We should expect to see variances.

Criteria For Selecting Ancient Bible Manuscripts

I don’t have a problem with this. But I’ll bet for some Christians even seeing these kinds of variants could be troublesome.

If you’re not aware of these things, if you’re college-age students or you’re a high school student and you are confronted with this many alterations on just any page of scripture, this much red ink, you might be troubled by it.

We have literally thousands of manuscripts to support the New Testament, but among them, they have more variants than there are words. Most of the variants are just misspellings and minor things that do not affect the text at all.

Other times, scribe notes in the margin would become part of the text as the next copiest did not know if the margin note was something left out, or just a note,

Now for a lot of young people, this could be troubling. Number one, they never knew that we didn’t have an original manuscript. Number two, they didn’t realize that when we compare the manuscripts there are differences.

Even Bart Ehrman, an atheist, would say these differences do not impact the nature of Jesus or any Orthodox position of Christianity. But clearly, a claim like there are more variations between the ancient documents than there are words in the New Testament would shake the faith of most young people who had never heard that before.

If we see there are variations between the text, how can we say that this is the inerrant word of God? And number two, more importantly, how do we even know what the original said? How do we know what the original said if all we have are later copies and these copies don’t agree? Well, of course, there’s a process that we use by comparing the manuscripts.

As a matter of fact, the fact that we have so many manuscripts makes this complaint about variations between manuscripts a nonargument because we’re able to identify where they are, and then remove them and return these copies to the inerrant original version of the text.

Here is an example. Many of the copies of manuscripts were made in scriptoriums. In the scriptorium, a reader would read the Gospel or Epistle and scribes would write down what was said.

Naturally, there would be errors caused by fatigue or hearing something incorrectly and other reasons. Other times, an individual would copy a part of the Bible, the letters and books on hand. Sometimes these were professional scribes, other times it was just church members that wanted their own copy.

Errors and corrections could enter in there. These copies would be copied, and misspellings, additions, notes and other changes, accidental or purposeful, would be passed on.

Copyist errors

Let’s go to our bookshelf. We pick out a book, say a short story by Mark Twain. We assemble 20 college students. Ten of the students will write down the story as it is read to them, as in a scriptorium. The other ten will copy the story direct from the book. Shortly we will have twenty copies.

The copies will have differences. Some words may be spelled wrong. Some words may be replaced with a similar-sounding word if our listeners did not hear correctly or our reader mispronounced or mumbled a word. Some lines may be missing when a copiest inadvertently skips over it. We will have 20 copies, but all will have errors or variants.

We now give the copies to an individual or committee, who have never heard or read Mark Twain’s short story. he copies all have variants, but our committee will have no problem restoring the story to its original form. Why? Because although there will be mistakes or changes by the copyists, the copyists will not make the same changes.

Now, let’s say we repeat the process, but make twenty copies of each of the copies in the same manner. We now have 400 copies. Mistakes made in the original copies will carry into the new copies, but with so many copies, our committee can easily restore the story.

This is the beautiful dilemma we have as Christians because we have this kind of depth of manuscript to compare one to the other. If you look at the number of manuscripts that we have compared to manuscripts of the secular or non-Christian literature, ancient literature, there is no comparison.

There is much more manuscript evidence and older manuscripts than any other piece of ancient literature. We have the number of copies needed to get this job done.

Now you’ve seen both what the variants are, the nature of the variance between manuscripts and you’ve also seen the nature of how we remove variance.

How do we deal with variants in a way that it returns us to the original? We do that of course by comparing manuscripts. And so every translation you have a committee coming together and looking at manuscripts from various sources.

These are copies or later in history than the original, but these are the earliest copies we have. And if we compare them to each other, we can identify where these variants are and we can start to remove them, return to the most reliable original words we find in the text.

That’s important, but even more important, I think that the question could be asked, if you’re looking at manuscripts that date to the second or third century, how do you know if the claims weren’t changed in the first two or 300 years?

Isn’t it possible before we have an existent copy of the scripture? What if major changes took place and now all we have is a copy with alterations.

This is where the church fathers can actually do us a service. Here’s what I mean by that. It turns out that the original eyewitnesses who wrote down scripture, say for example the apostle John, had students.

John had people that he shared what he knew about Jesus with them. And these folks became leaders in the local churches at the time and wrote their own letters to congregations. In other words, we can capture the teaching of John related to Jesus by reading the non-canonical ancient letters by his students.

These are not in your Bible, but they are ancient letters are written by the students of John in which they talk about what John taught them. So if you’re wondering if the virgin birth or the deity of Christ or the fact that he worked miracles and ascended into heaven were in the originals or added later, we have other sources to collaborate the stories.

It turns out that all of these claims about the foundational truths of Christianity and the foundational truth of Jesus are repeated by the students of the Gospel authors.

You can do the same thing by the way if for example, using Clement, when he writes about what he learned from Paul. These are all very early documents. So we know that the claims themselves, the overarching story of Jesus, his deity, his supernatural nature, that’s not added later in history.

Those are from the very beginning because the students sitting at the feet of the eyewitnesses and the Gospel authors are repeating these claims.

With all the evidence for the accuracy of the Gospels, we wonder why everyone is not a believer. Can’t a person just study out how the Bible was preserved by multiple copies and restored by competent textual critics bring them to saving faith in Christ?

It turns out there are more than simply the facts and the evidence is that play into this kind of thing. It is where your heart is inclined to. What you want to be true sometimes will override what is true.

Many have cold hearts and will dismiss the Bible and the claims of Christ no matter what evidence is made available. But as Christians, we can be confident that the Bible we hold in our hands are the words of God and that we have what the Lord wants us to know.

400,000 variants in the Bible yet still preserved
400,000 variants

When we say we have an inerrant Bible, we mean that the original copy, the original manuscript, the autograph, not a copy, the autograph, the original written by Matthew written by Mark, written by John, these original documents are the inerrant word of God.

But we’ve got a process in place that allows us to return reliably to the inerrant original. So when I say I know from the facts, from the evidence, that the Bible is the inerrant word of God, what I mean is we have the manuscript evidence and the intellectual ability to return reliably to the inerrant original document.

There is no doubt we have what the original authors wrote and what God wants us to have. And part of the beauty of the Bible is the way God has preserved it for his people.

If we only had one copy. One complete Greek manuscript, no other copies, no variants, we could not know for sure we had a correct copy. We could not know if one person had taken the original story and rewrote it, making major changes.

Because we have so many copies from so many regions, and even early translations into other languages, we can be quite confident that we have the original message passed on to us accurately.

How Should Christians Respond To Textual Variants?
How Should Christians Respond?

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Simon Magus: The Story of A Believer



“And he (Jesus) said unto them …….. ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth.” Acts 1:7-8

Jesus let the disciples know they were to take the Gospel of the Kingdom not only to the Jew, but to the Samaritans and even to “the uttermost part of the earth.”

Acts 8, verses 4-24 tells of the missionary work of Phillip as well as Peter and John’s trip to Samaria.


The Jews looked down on the Samaritans.  Galilean and Judean Jews viewed Samaritans as half-breeds and even as foreigners. The Samaritans had inter-married with non-Israelites and the northern kingdoms of Israel had long since split with the kingdoms of Judah and Benjamin. yet, when Jesus coupled Judaea and Samaria in Acts 1:8, it is clear that he still considered Samaria as part of Israel.


The Samaritans had their problems with the Jews, too. The Samaritans believed that they practiced a pure form of Judaism that was observed before the Babylonian captivity, whereas they saw rabbinical Judaism as an amended religion, which was brought back from the Babylonian captivity.

As voiced by the Samaritan woman Jesus met at the well, “Our fathers worshipped in this mountain; and ye say, that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship.” John 4:20

Jesus replied, “Woman, believe me, the hour cometh, when ye shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father.” John 4:21 Jesus was letting her know that he was bringing change to how God would interact with man.

Because of this encounter, “many of the Samaritans of that city believed on him.” John 4:39
When Phillip went down to Samaria, the message he was bringing was not entirely new. The Samaritans had met Jesus. Rather, Phillip was bringing new revelation to them. The revelation that Jesus had died and resurrected. That salvation was through the Lord.

In Samaria, Phillip met Simon. “Then Simon himself believed also: and when he was baptized, he continued with Philip, and wondered, beholding the miracles and signs which were done.“ Acts 8:13 Simon heard and believed the Gospel. He followed Phillip and learned from him.
Now Simon was not your average Samaritan.

“But there was a certain man, called Simon, which beforetime in the same city used sorcery, and bewitched the people of Samaria, giving out that himself was some great one: To whom they all gave heed, from the least to the greatest, saying, This man is the great power of God. And to him they had regard, because that of long time he had bewitched them with sorceries.” Acts 8: 9-11

That Simon was referred to by the people of the Samaritan city as “the great power of God “ is significant. The title, “God’s Great Power”  comes from the Samaritan Targum—an Aramaic translation of the Samaritan Hebrew Bible, known as the Samaritan Pentateuch. In the Samaritan Targum, the Hebrew word  ’el (לא, ‘God’) is translated hela (אליח, ‘power’).

God is then called ‘great’ (בר, rab). Not surprisingly, “the Great Power” was used in Samaritan hymns and writings as a substitute for the divine name, much in the same way orthodox Jews say ha-shem (םשׁה, ‘the Name’) instead of pronouncing the divine name ‘Yahweh.’   [Samaritan Pentateuch http://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Samaritan-Pentateuch-SP-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Paleo-Hebrew-1362AD]

In other words, Simon had held himself out as God incarnate. But when he met Phillip, he believed in the man, Jesus, that was the real God incarnate. It is interesting that it appears from the text Simon believed before he saw the miracles. The people also believed. (Acts 8:12)

“Now when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent unto them Peter and John: Who, when they were come down, prayed for them, that they might receive the Holy Ghost: (For as yet he was fallen upon none of them: only they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.) Then laid they their hands on them, and they received the Holy Ghost.” Acts 8: 14-16

Peter and John went down to investigate the matter of Samaritans believing. The Samaritan believers received the Holy Ghost. “And when Simon saw that through laying on of the apostles’ hands the Holy Ghost was given, he offered them money, Saying, Give me also this power, that on whomsoever I lay hands, he may receive the Holy Ghost.” Acts 8:18-19

Simon, a believer, saw this and wanted to be able to do this great work of God, too. He had, it seems, stopped using trickery to fool the people. Phillip had certainly demonstrated to the Samaritans that “the Great Power” was Jesus, not Simon. From all appearances, Simon wanted the real power of God.

Unfortunately, he made a big mistake. He thought the power of God was something he could buy.
“But Peter said unto him, Thy money perish with thee, because thou hast thought that the gift of God may be purchased with money. Thou hast neither part nor lot in this matter: for thy heart is not right in the sight of God. Repent therefore of this thy wickedness, and pray God, if perhaps the thought of thine heart may be forgiven thee. For I perceive that thou art in the gall of bitterness, and in the bond of iniquity.” Acts 8:20-23

Peter soundly rebuked Simon. The gifts of God are not something you can buy.

“Then answered Simon, and said, Pray ye to the Lord for me, that none of these things which ye have spoken come upon me.” Acts 8:24

Simon immediately repented. Sadly, Simon has been made out to be a bad, bad guy. However, if we look at the story, we see the contrary. Simon started out as a bad guy. As we all do. (Romans 3:23) He heard the Gospel preached by Phillip and he believed.

When he saw the power of the Holy Spirit, he wanted this power. How many of us have done the same, wanting some amazing gift from God. When Peter exposed his motives and method were not in line with God’s, he repented. Yet, the purchasing of religious position is called “Simony” to this day.

We have remembered the mistakes of Simon, rather than the great work God did in bringing a false teacher to repentance and then continuing to bring a believer back to repentance.

May God show us the errors in our hearts, as Peter showed Simon. And let us pray God will give us repentance unto forgiveness.

Dennis Regling is available to preach and teach at your church or event: www.bibledefender.com

Did Angels Have Sex With Women In Genesis Chapter 6?


Genesis Chapter 6: Fallen Angels and the Flood

When the great flood of Noah’s time is discussed, Genesis 6:5-6 are given for the reason God destroyed the earth. Though this is true, what most preachers forget is to read these verses in context with Genesis 6:1-4. 

It was not just the wickedness of men that brought forth judgement, but the corruption of the creation of God by the “fallen angels.” The bloodlines of man had been corrupted. According to extra-canonical writings, the “fallen angels” and the Nephilim also taught mankind about warfare and witchcraft. 

Genesis 6:1-6 KJV  And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, 2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose. 3 And the Lord said, My spirit shall not always strive with man, for that he also is flesh: yet his days shall be an hundred and twenty years. 4 There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown. 5 And God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually. 6 And it repented the Lord that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart.

Noah was spared, and his family with him. “These are the generations of Noah: Noah was a just man and perfect in his generations, and Noah walked with God.” Genesis 6:9 KJV 

The phrase, “perfect in his generations” comes from the Hebrew word, “tamim” which means without defect – in other words, he was genetically pure. This is the same word used in Numbers 19:2 when describing the pure red heifer that has no blemish. So, Noah was both genetically pure and morally righteous.

The Second Temple Jews understood Genesis 6:1-5 to be a short summary of the Book of Enoch.

Their belief is that “the sons of God” were fallen angels who consorted with human women, producing giant offspring called nephilim (Heb. נפילים).  This view was widely held in the world of the first century AD, and was supported by Flavius Josephus, Philo, Eusebius and many of the “Ante-Nicene Fathers,” including Justin Martyr, Clement of Alexandria, Origen, Tertullian, Irenaeus, Athenagoras and Commodianus.

ENOCH 6:1 And it came to pass when the children of men had multiplied that in those days were born unto 2 them beautiful and comely daughters.  And the angels, the children of the heaven, saw and lusted after them, and said to one another:  ‘Come, let us choose us wives from among the children of men 3 and beget us children.’  And Semjaza, who was their leader, said unto them:  ‘I fear ye will not 4 indeed agree to do this deed, and I alone shall have to pay the penalty of a great sin.’  And they all answered him and said:  ‘Let us all swear an oath, and all bind ourselves by mutual imprecations 5 not to abandon this plan but to do this thing.’  Then sware they all together and bound themselves 6 by mutual imprecations upon it.  And they were in all two hundred; who descended in the days of Jared on the summit of Mount Hermon.. (From The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament, translated by R.H. Charles)

A similar passage is also found in the pseudepigraphic Book of Jubilees:

JUBILEES 5:1 And it came to pass when the children of men began to multiply on the face of the earth and daughters were born unto them, that the angels of God saw them on a certain year of this jubilee, that they were beautiful to look upon; and they took themselves wives of all whom they 2 chose, and they bare unto them sons and they were giants.  And lawlessness increased on the earth and all flesh corrupted its way, alike men and cattle and beasts and birds and everything that walks on the earth – all of them corrupted their ways and their orders, and they began to devour each other, and lawlessness increased on the earth and every imagination of the thoughts of all men 3 (was) thus evil continually. (From The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament, translated by R.H. Charles) 

Although neither the Book of Enoch or Jubilees are generally considered to be canonical, they were read by literate Second Temple era Jews. The Apostles Jude and Peter both reference Enoch in their epistles.

Jude 14-15 KJV And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints, To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him.
The idea that the nephilim or giants were the offspring of the fallen host and human females was not unique to Judaism.  This understanding was likely behind the Greek, Roman, and Egyptian mythologies, as well as those of India and the near east.  All these beliefs resulted not as mere inventions of fertile human imagination, but as a corruption of antediluvian truths which were distorted as their origin was forgotten over time.The Greeks had a similar story. In Greek mythology, the Titans were a family of giant gods who were the offspring of Uranus (heaven) and Gaea (earth).  The most famous of the Titans was Cronus, who killed his father.  Cronus later led the Titans in their losing war against Zeus and the Olympian gods.  After their defeat, the Titans were imprisoned in a section of the underworld called Tartarus.In his second epistle, the apostle Peter uses part of this Greek myth to explain the fate of some of the fallen angels.  He states that for their sins, these angels had been tartarosas, which The Greek English Interlinear New Testament translates literally as “confining them to Tartarus” (also known in the Bible as “the Abyss”):2 Peter 2:4KJV For if God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them down to hell, and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment;

Examining Jude, we can see what was said of the fallen angels and their great sin.

JUDE 6 KJV And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day.  7 Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. 

Kenneth Wuest writes of verse 7: 
This verse begins with hos, an adverb of comparison having meanings of “in the same manner as, after the fashion of, as, just as.”  Here it introduces a comparison showing a likeness between the angels of verse 6 and the cities of Sodom and Gomorrha of this verse.  But the likeness between them lies deeper than the fact that both were guilty of committing sin.  It extends to the fact that both were guilty of the same identical sin. 
The words “in like manner” are related to the verbal forms, “giving themselves over to fornication” and “going after strange flesh.”  In addition to all this, the Greek text has toutois, “to these.”  Thus, the verse can be understood to read, “just as Sodom and Gomorrha and the cities about them, in like manner to these, having given themselves over to fornication and having gone after strange flesh.”  The sense of the entire passage (vv.6, 7) is that the cities of Sodom and Gomorrha and the cities about them, in like manner to these (the angels), have given themselves over to fornication and have gone after strange flesh.  That means that the sin of the fallen angels was fornication.(pp. 241-242, vol. II, Word Studies in the Greek New Testament)

Men have argued for almost 2000 years about who “the sons of God” in Genesis 6 were. But prior to that, there was no misunderstanding these verses. 

Although there are a couple other theories about who “the sons of God” in Genesis 6, these theories would have been nonsense to the original audience of the book of Genesis. When interpreting the Bible, we MUST read it the way the author would have been thinking and the way the audience would have received it.

I am not asking you to believe that “fallen angels” had children with earthly women, (although I certainly do), but to understand the Bible as it was written, and as it would have been understood. To take the verses out of the context in which they were recorded and read is to create a false understanding, not based on scripture, but on private interpretation.

Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. 2 Peter 1:20 KJV